Top 12 Must-See Spots at Shurijo Castle: A Comprehensive Guide for Your Visit to Naha - Japan Travel Sights

Shurijo Castle, perched on a hill overlooking Naha City, served as the political and cultural heart of the Ryukyu Kingdom for about 450 years, starting in the late 14th century.

The castle’s unique architecture, which blends Chinese and Japanese styles, captivates all who visit. This guide highlights 12 must-see spots within the sprawling Shurijo Castle grounds.

Note on the 2019 Fire Incident: On October 31, 2019, a devastating fire destroyed the main hall (Seiden) of Shurijo Castle. Although parts of the castle grounds are still restricted, several areas remain open to the public, including Kankaimon, Koufukumon, and other important gates and structures.

The foundation of the Seiden remains a significant cultural asset, protected as part of a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

1. Seiden (Main Hall)

The Seiden is the central structure of Shurijo Castle, where political and religious ceremonies were held.

The hall is modeled after the Forbidden City in China, yet it incorporates distinct Japanese and Ryukyu architectural elements, creating a unique and majestic appearance.

The original Seiden was destroyed multiple times by fire, most recently during the Battle of Okinawa in 1945. The current structure is a 1992 reconstruction.

The front courtyard, known as Una, was the site of various ceremonies throughout the year, and the view of the Seiden from here is particularly impressive.

Inside, you can find historical exhibits and the preserved foundation of the original structure.

2. Shureimon Gate

Shureimon is the grand main gate of Shurijo Castle, featured on the 2,000 yen note. Although its formal name is “Uinaayajo,” meaning “beautiful upper gate,” it is commonly known as Shureimon, derived from the inscription “Shurei no Kuni,” meaning “Land of Propriety.” This gate, like many other structures at the castle, was destroyed in the war and rebuilt in 1958.

3. Kankaimon Gate

Beyond Shureimon lies Kankaimon, a gate that symbolizes welcome and hospitality.

This arch-shaped gate was used to greet important guests, such as envoys from China. Kankaimon, also known as “Amae Ujo” in the local language, features a wooden turret above the stone arch, a common feature in several gates around the castle.

4. Golden Pavilion and Yuinchi (Royal Kitchens)

Behind the Seiden lies the Uuchibaru, the private area for the royal family.

The Golden Pavilion served as the sleeping quarters for the queen and other royal women, while the adjacent Yuinchi was where meals were prepared for the royal family.

Today, the Golden Pavilion serves as a special exhibition room, while Yuinchi is used for various events.

5. Sonohyan Utaki Ishimon (Stone Gate)

Located between Shureimon and Kankaimon, Sonohyan Utaki Ishimon is not a gate to pass through but a sacred site for worship.

The stone gate, built from Ryukyu limestone, was a place where the king prayed for safe journeys.

Despite being partially destroyed during the war, it was restored in 1957 and is now a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

6. Ryuhi (Dragon Water Fountain)

Named after the dragon carving from which water flows, Ryuhi was the source of drinking water for the royal palace.

This precious structure dates back to 1523 and remains an important historical artifact.

7. Roukokumon Gate

Roukokumon, also known as the “Water Clock Gate,” features a turret where a water clock was used to measure time.

Officials would check the water level and beat drums to announce the time throughout the castle and the surrounding areas.

8. Sappo Shichi Hi (Seven Stele of Sappo)

Around the Ryuhi area, you’ll find seven stone steles inscribed with various Chinese characters.

These steles commemorate the visits of Chinese envoys to the castle and date back to the Ryukyu Kingdom era.

9. Bankoku Shinryo no Kane (Bridge of Nations Bell)

This large bronze bell, located near the North Hall, symbolizes Ryukyu’s role as a bridge between nations. Cast in 1458, the bell highlights the kingdom’s pride in its maritime trade relations with China, Korea, and Japan.

10. Zuisenmon Gate

Unlike Kankaimon, Zuisenmon features a wooden turret directly atop stone pillars.

This was originally the main gate of the castle before the construction of Kankaimon and other gates. Its name, “Zuisen,” is derived from the nearby Ryuhi, as “Zuisen” means “auspicious spring.”

11. Shoin and Sasunoma

These buildings are linked to the Seiden via a corridor.

Shoin was used for the king’s daily duties and as a reception area for visiting dignitaries, while Sasunoma was later added as a space for relaxation.

Today, visitors can experience a traditional tea service here.

12. Nisshoki-dai (Sundial Platform)

Nisshoki-dai is a sundial located just beyond Roukokumon, used to measure the time during the day, complementing the water clock system.

The sundial, marked with the twelve zodiac signs, was introduced in 1739 and remained in use until the abolition of the Ryukyu Kingdom in 1879.

Conclusion

Designated as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in December 2000, Shurijo Castle is a symbol of the rich history and culture of the Ryukyu Kingdom.

Despite repeated destruction and reconstruction, the castle remains a must-see destination in Okinawa, offering visitors a glimpse into the island’s storied past. Be sure to allow enough time to fully explore the castle and its many fascinating sites.